Disempowered Individuals With Learning Disabilities Social Work Essay Essay Example

Disempowered Individuals With Learning Disabilities Social Work Essay Essay Example Disempowered Individuals With Learning Disabilities Social Work Essay Essay Disempowered Individuals With Learning Disabilities Social Work Essay Essay Bing in the establishment was bad. I got tied up and locked up. I did nt hold any apparels of my ain, and no privateness. We got crush up at times but that was nt the worst. The existent hurting came from being a group. I was neer a individual. I was portion of a group to eat, kip and everything it was sad. ( As cited on Mencap.org ) Historically people with larning disablements have suffered disempowerment by being excluded from mainstream society through segregation in big establishments. ( Wolfensberger, 1972 ) people were dismpowered by holding small control over how they lived their lives. Although the Community Care Act 1990 has resulted in the closing and the relocation of people with larning disablements, people are still enduring disempowerment through exclusion by non being able to take how to populate their lives ( Ramcharan, et al 1997 ) . Authorization is: aˆÂ ¦ concerned with how people may derive corporate control over their lives, so as to accomplish their involvements as a group, and a method by which societal workers [ and other attention suppliers ] seek to heighten the power of people who lack it ( Thomas and Pierson 1996, p.134 ) . The Same As You? reexamine is the Scots Government s scheme for larning disablement services in Scotland.A The reappraisal sets out the Scots Government s wider policies of societal inclusion, equality and equity to enable alterations to go on for the better in the lives of people with learning disablements. A cardinal country identified within The Same As You? is Person Centred Planning. Person-centred planning means get downing with the person and seting the supports around them that will enable them to hold the life that they want. Person centred planning is a tool that can be used to be after with a individual. This can be to assist the individual think about what is of import in their life now and besides to believe about what what they would wish in the hereafter. Planing should include the individuals circle of support and affect all the people who are of import in the individuals life. ( Stalker and Campbell, 1998 ) . The thought behind individual cardinal planning was to react to jobs of societal exclusion, disempowerment and de-evalution. Person centred planning was developed in the 1980 s by a little figure of people including John O Brian and Michael Smull. As a manner of enabling people with larning disablements to travel out unintegrated establishments and back into the chief community. Person-centred planning is designed specifically to empower people, to straight back up their societal inclusion, and to straight dispute devaluation. By looking at what support is needed to let the individual included and involved in the community. ( Magito-Mclaughlin et al. , 2002 ) . Person centred attacks offer a different option to the traditional theoretical account of planning used for service proviso. The traditional methods of service proviso operated around the person having the service, with wellness and societal attention professionals doing all the determinations on the type of support the person received. The traditional theoretical account was disempowering to people with larning disablements as it focused on the individuals medical jobs, disregarding the qualities of the individual as human being. ( Sanderson, 2003 ) Person centered planning topographic points the person at the centre of the determination devising procedure, leting household members to go involved in the planning as Joynab, Mohammed s female parent provinces: Person-centred planning has given us hope and a vision for a better hereafter for Mohammed. We feel now we can hold a say in how and what service support he receives. We no longer believe that lone professionals know best for our boy. Mohammed s religion and cultural demands are recognised and responded to. ( DoH, 2010 ) Person centred be aftering expressions at the individuals qualities and is a manner of listening to what is of import in the individuals life. Peoples can direct their ain services and supports, in a individualized manner instead than trying to suit within preexistent service systems. An country where individual planning has helped the individual by listening to what they want enabling them to direct their services and support is through preparation and employment. Peoples with larning disablements have been marginalised from deriving employement, through the employers lack of understanding about larning disablements and stereotyped beliefs that they are incapable of working. As a female parent states I have a boy who has Down syndrome..I travel to the supermarkets and inquire if they could seek my boy outaˆÂ ¦I explain that he has Down syndrome, so they change the topic and say they will give me an application form.I explicate my boy can non compose, and they tell me he can non acquire an interview without an application form.Is this a manner of extinguishing the disabled? ( Anonymous part as cited by Williams,2009 ) Peoples with larning disablements benefit from working as it helps them to derive fiancial independency and security, increases their ego assurance and accomplishments and allows them to socialize. Todd ( 2002 ) demonstrates this in his study planning a new hereafter where an bureau worked with a immature adult male with autism whose end in life was to be an air hose pilot, even though this end was unrealistic. The support worker involved in his person-centered program, suggested and arranged a visit to Heathrow airdrome one time a hebdomad. The thought was to happen out what interested the immature adult male about being a pilot, was it the winging, planes or uniform? After sing the airdrome for a twosome of months it became evident that the luggage carrousels captivated him. The immature adult male was so supported to acquire a portion clip occupation as a luggage animal trainer. ( Todd, 2002 ) enabling the individual to go portion of the community. In a manner that values their h uman rights, gives them independency and pick. Person centred planning has a peculiar attack that can be used for different persons in different state of affairss. The four chief tools that can implemented include: McGill Action Planning System ( MAPS ) , this procedure is a utile tool for garnering information in the early phases of planning, assisting to place the individual endowments and demands. ELP ( Essential Lifestyle Planning ) is more normally used to be after for people who are traveling out of instititionalised attention. Personal Futures Planning is less service based, be givening to be used for constructing relationships with household, friends and suiting into the wider community. PATHS ( Planing Alternative Tomorrows and Hope ) is used to develop an action program for the person. ( Stalker and Campbell, 1998, Sanderson, 2000 ) Peoples with larning disablements can hold communicating jobs and should non be disregarded from holding individual centred planning for that ground. There are assorted techniques that can be used allow a individual with a larning disablement to pass on in their thoughts for the program, such as Makaton, speaking mats, mark linguistic communication and image Bankss. ( Grove, 2005 ) the program can be done any format that is accessible to the individual such as a written papers, a drawing or head map with images or an unwritten program recorded on to a compact phonograph record. Plans are the updated when the individual wishes to do a alteration or when they have achieved their end. Person centred planning is for eveyone, non merely for people who can pass on. As it can prosecute participants personally by leting them to hear of profoundly felt hopes and dreams and frights, even if the individual feels they are silly. As the planning procedure allows the individual to interrupt free from the misconceptions and conventions that can tackle their hereafter. Some illustrations of peoples dreams were a immature adult male wanted a trip to Mexico as portion of his vision. Another is taking guitar lessons as a manner to accomplish his end of being a state and western vocalist. An older adult female, in her program, decided to retire. Another is taking art categories and larning to paint watercolors. Get downing a concern, traveling to college or university, purchasing a house, these are all things that are possible through individual centered planning. ( ne-pdd.org ) Person centered planning has helped people achieve authorization is their pick to organize relationships, acquire married or have kids. Peoples with larning disablements have the same demand for love and relationships as do all human existences. However this demand is non being met for people with a learning disablement. Literature on the topic provides information about gender in respects to larning disablements, nevertheless it seems to concentrate on disablement and gender from the position of it being a job. ( Parritt, 2005. ) This negative position of people with larning disablements and gender stems from the historical position of larning disablements, where people with disablements were placed in establishments and segregated ( Potts and Fido,1991 ) This degree of control can still be seen today with professional s and households seeking to deter familiarity and relationships, sing the individual with a disablement as vulnerable, seen as the eternal kid ( McCarthy, 1999 ) Mrs Susan Hurst and Mr Frank Hurst tell their narrative of Our Wedding, Our Dream where individual centred planning enabled them to acquire married. Mrs Hurst provinces, some people felt there was nt a demand for us to acquire married but we wanted what every one else hadaˆÂ ¦Getting married had ever been our dreamaˆÂ ¦ . ( csrpcp.net ) Mr. and Mrs. Hurst depict how the tools of individual centered planning enabled them to place both their hopes, ends and dreams for the hereafter this enabled them both excessively make all the determinations in be aftering for their nuptials. Mr and Mrs Hurst explain that they even planned their honeymoon and travelled to their honeymoon finish without the adjutant of support workers, as individual centered planning had enabled them to be after in front of the troubles that might happen and how the twosome would decide them when on vacation. Without Person centered be aftering Mr and Mrs Hurst would neer hold been able to acquire married or travel on honeymoon. Mr and Mrs Hurst felt that individual centered planning helped them to accomplish their ends enabling them to experience in control of their lives, leting them to take their human right to acquire married and regard for private and household life. ( csrpcp.net ) There is statute law that supports the rights of people with larning disablements to hold carry throughing relationships and sex lives if that is their pick. ( Article 8 ) provinces that every homo being has a right to esteem for private and household life. The Disability Discrimination Act ( 1995 ) gives people the right to entree household planning clinics and advice centres. Peoples with larning disablements should be accepted as people who have the same capacity for loving as others in society. ( Lesselliers, 1999 ) Loneliness and isolation may happen through the deficiency of chance to hold loving relationships. Therefore individual centred planning can enable people with larning disablements to be empowered by leting them to do these determinations and taking how they want to populate their lives. individual centred be aftering improves the individual quality of life. Increasing the individuals right to empowerment through the right to work where they want, where they would wish to populate and increasing their societal web by allowing them take how they would to socialize. ( Whitney-Thomas et al. , 1998 ) . Relationships improve for the individual at the Centre of the planning, as they became more motivated and end oriented. As the engagement procedure allows friends and household to fall in in the planning and assist the individual achieve their ends. Parents besides reported that individual centred planning had such an impact on their household s lives, that they choose to go involved in developing other households in the importance of individual centered planning. As individual centred planning is designed to concentrate on one individual at a clip, it increases the possible to broaden chances for people with larning disablements in deriving the life they choose. As Person centred planning allows the individual to take how, when and where they want support or services delivered instead than the standard one size fits all attack. ( OBrien A ; Lovett, 1993 ) . However there are restrictions to individual centered planning for people with learning disablements. Insufficient support and resources can impede the planning procedure individuals and their chance to accomplish their ends, go forthing people disillusioned with the procedure. Person centered planning requires trained and good equipt staff who are knowing about inclusion, rights of people with larning disablements and how to assist authorise people by directing them. As people can lose trust in centered planning if these values are non upheld. ( Kinsella 2000 ) , Person centered planning can take clip to accomplish marks, it is non suited for people who require exigency planning where action needs to take topographic point in a few yearss. The procedure is non a speedy hole ( OBrien A ; Lovett, 1993 ) . In decision people with larning disablements have suffered from disempowerment in the yesteryear as a consequence of institutionalized attention. However individual centered planning has enabled people with disablements to go empowered by leting them to do their ain picks and be to the full supported about how they would wish to populate their life. By leting people with larning disablements to take their right to employment through what occupation they would wish to work, this in bend empowers them by deriving fiancial independency and increased ego assurance, every bit good as larning accomplishments and acquiring to run into new people. Person centred planning has allowed people to derive their right to household life and matrimony, by leting people to be after their ain nuptials and honeymoon giving them independency to get down married life. Therefore individual centered planning creates positive effects that go beyond effectual planning. In that it allows people to be listened to and what is of import to them. However this is merely effectual if what is recorded on the program is acted on, as people will lose religion in individual centered planning if no action comes from their picks.

Lions Mane Jellyfish Facts

Lion's Mane Jellyfish Facts Lions mane jellyfish are beautiful, but an encounter with them can be painful. These jellies are capable of stinging you even when theyre dead. Here you can learn how to identify a lions mane jellyfish and how to avoid them. Identification The lions mane jellyfish (Cyanea capillata) is the worlds largest  jellyfish- their bells can be over 8 feet across. These jellies  have a mass of thin tentacles that resemble a lions mane, which is where their name originates. Reports of tentacle size in lions mane jellyfish vary from 30 feet to 120 feet- either way, their tentacles extend a long way, and one should give them a very wide berth. This jellyfish also has lots of tentacles- it has 8 groups of them, with 70-150 tentacles in each group. The color of the lions mane jellyfish changes as it grows. Small jellyfish under 5 inches in bell size are pink and yellow. Between 5-18 inches in size, the jellyfish is reddish to yellowish-brown, and as they grow past 18 inches, they become a darker reddish brown. Like other jellyfish, they have a short lifespan, so all these color changes may happen in a period of about one year. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: CnidariaClass: ScyphozoaOrder: SemaeostomeaeFamily: CyaneidaeGenus: Cyaneaspecies: capillata Habitat Lions mane jellyfish are found in cooler waters, usually less than 68 degrees F. They may be found in the North Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf of Maine and off the coasts of Europe, and in the Pacific Ocean. Feeding Lions mane jellyfish eat plankton, fish, small crustaceans and even other jellyfish. They can spread their long, thin tentacles out like a net and descend into the water column, capturing prey as they go. Reproduction Reproduction occurs sexually in the medusa stage (this is the stage youll picture if you think of a generic jellyfish). Under its bell, the lions mane jellyfish has 4 ribbon-like gonads which alternate with 4 very folded lips. The lions mane jellyfish has separate sexes. The eggs are held by oral tentacles and are fertilized by sperm. Larvae called planula develop and settle on the ocean bottom, where they develop into polyps. Once in the polyp stage, reproduction can occur asexually as polyps divide into disks. As the disks stack up, the uppermost disk swims away as an ephyra, which develops into the medusa stage. Sting Severity Encountering a lions mane jellyfish probably wont be lethal, but it wont be fun, either. A lions mane jellyfish sting usually results in pain and redness in the area of the sting. The sticky tentacles of a lions mane jellyfish can sting even when the jellyfish is dead, so give lions mane jellyfish on the beach a wide berth. In 2010, a lions mane jellyfish washed ashore in Rye, NH, where it stung 50-100 unsuspecting bathers. Sources: Bryner, Jeanna. 2010. How One Jellyfish Stung 100 People. MSNBC.Cornelius, P. 2011. Cyanea Capillata (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species.  Encyclopedia of Life. Cyanea Capillata.  Heard, J. 2005. Cyanea Capillata, Lions Mane Jellyfish. Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.Meinkoth, N.A. 1981. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Seashore Creatures. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.WoRMS. 2010. Porpita Porpita (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Schuchert, P. World Hydrozoa database.